Software-Definded Networking(SDN) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, SDN chia t\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp hai c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng: C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ( Control Plane), c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ( Data Plane) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a hai c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, SDN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m ba ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn: Ph\u1ea7n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng (Application Layer), Ph\u1ea7n \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n (Control Layer) v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (Infrastructure Layer). C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n s\u1ebd li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau th\u00f4ng qua giao th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c API.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Infrastructure layer: L\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng, bao g\u1ed3m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp nhanh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb t\u1eeb t\u1ea7ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng qua giao th\u1ee9c OpenFlow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Control layer: L\u1edbp \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Application layer: T\u1eeb c\u00e1c API \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb l\u1edbp \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng htoe m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng (Layer 2, layer 3) ph\u1ea3i mang tr\u00ean m\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. VD: C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Layer Switch hi\u1ec7n nay: VLAN, Spanning tree, Quality of Service, Security… V\u00e0 \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi nhau v\u00ec m\u1ed7i nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (Vendor) cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng, gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1edbi SDN, vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trung t\u1ea1i Controller Layer, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp g\u00f3i tin do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n nay, m\u1ed7i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau (Dell, HP, IBM, Apple, Google..), ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau (Windows, MacOS, Linux, Unix,…) nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng internet d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng TCP\/IP. V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng, h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c API \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 TCP\/IP \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cho to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a OpenFow th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u01b0a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a SDN l\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m cao m\u1edbi. OpenFlow l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa t\u1ea7ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (Control Layer) v\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd (Infrastructure Layer). Trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a SDN, t\u1ea5t c\u00e1c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u1ea7ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua OpenFlow. OpenFlow c\u00f3 2 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n3. OpenFlow<\/h1>\n\n\n\n